Containerizations in Maritime Shipping Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Containerizations in Maritime Shipping - Essay Example It is worth mentioning that this particular system assists such organizations in attaining superior competitive position through providing them with numerous advantages. In this regard, one of the primary advantages of containerization in maritime shipping is to protect goods from different hazardous conditions while delivering them to other locations. In this regard, the system is most preferable towards conserving safety of the goods that to be transported in destinations located throughout different parts of the world. Most significantly, the containerization aspect also ensures to save a major portion of transportation costs as the system tends to seal intact and load huge quantity of finished goods or logistics from diverse locations (YouTube, n.d.). With regard to the roles and functions possess by an effective containerization system, in most often cases, the process seems to be parallel with air freight industry. This can be justified with reference to the fact that the system of containerization is often viewed to be a freight transport process, which involves the usage of effective and standardized techniques of shipping containers through diverse sorts of mediums including, shipyard, truck and airlines. Notteboom, T., & Rodrigue, J. P. (2009). The future of containerization: perspectives from maritime and inland freight distribution. Retrieved from http://people.hofstra.edu/jean-paul_rodrigue/downloads/future_containerization_tn_jpr_draft%20final.pdf YouTube. (n.d.). Pport of long beach: life of ocean container - learn international shipping & export doc. Retrieved from

Gas law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Gas law - Essay Example The independent variable in this chart is temperature whereas the dependent variable is volume. This corresponds to Charles law V/T = k From figure 3, it is seen that the volume of a gas decreases exponentially with the increase in pressure. Plotting the values of pressure against the inverse of the volume gives us Boyles law (PV = Constant) that states that at constant temperature the pressure of the gas is inversely proportional to the size. From the figure for it is observed that when the pressure is doubled the volume is reduced by half. The linear graph passes through the point of origin (0, 0). Air is a mixture of different gases that respond differently in different conditions. The ideal gas law provides provisions for incorporation of various gasses in a system. Therefore, air was a suitable choice for an ideal gas According to the ideal gas law PV=nRT, therefore at constant number of moles and temperature the pressure is inversely proportional to the volume and therefore obeys Boyles law. At constant n and P, V is directly proportional to T with increasing T, V will also increase. From the data calculated and represented in figures 1-3 the ideal gas law is experimentally defined. From figure 1, it has been seen that the volume is directly proportional to temperature at constant pressure. From figure 2 it is observed that the volume is directly proportional to temperature and from figure 3 and 4 it is observed that the volume is inversely proportional to pressure. All these are the ideas behind the ideal gas

Bayer case2 Essay Example for Free

Bayer case2 Essay Supply chain factors must also be taken into account in the decision-making if substantial capacity changes are involved – like reintroducing Bayer Aspirin. Key questions include: What impact will the changes have on suppliers, warehousing, transportation, and distributors? If capacity will be increased, will these elements of the supply chain be able to handle the increase? Conversely, if capacity is to be decreased, what impact will the loss in business have on these elements of the supply chain? Finally, customer and public opinion is very crucial to consider during decision-making. Will they still accept the new reintroduced product as before? What would be the common sentiments of the people regarding the possible decision? In evaluating alternatives during decision-making, a manager must consider both quantitative and qualitative aspects. Quantitative analysis usually reflects economic factors, and qualitative considerations include intangibles such as public opinion and personal preferences of managers. Thus, in deciding for the Bayer Aspirin case, is not solely dependent on economic factors because these are not the only things that would be affected when changes are being implemented. As an organization, Bayer should draw out what are the quantitative and qualitative considerations at hand, in order to come up with efficient and effective decisions for their company. 4. ) In what ways is Aspirin Brand valuable for Bayer? When aspirin first appeared in the spring of 1899 in a handful of articles in a few German medical journals, the author introduced it without fanfare as a serviceable substitute for the salicylic acid and sodium salicylate that had been in use for more than twenty years to treat rheumatic disorders. Aspirin reduced fever and inflammation quickly, but more importantly it did not appear to have an ill effect on the stomach. Side effects were minimal, so patients tolerated it quite well and they did not rebel against the treatment. The doctors who tested it and the company that manufactured it therefore recommended the drug as a promising anti-rheumatic medication and no doubt expected respectable profits from its use in this modest market. No one, however, apparently anticipated that in less than two decades this new compound would become the manufacturers best-selling medicine and the worlds most widely used drug (a distinction it still holds), not so much because of its role in treating rheumatism but because of its effectiveness in managing minor pain, especially headaches. And by the time Aspirins overall popularity was apparent, it was also apparent that it had achieved this exalted status not simply because of its considerable medical merits but also because of the deliberate business policies and practices of its manufacturer, the Farbenfabriken vormals Friedrich Bayer und Companie of Elberfeld, Germany, or simply known as Bayer. Headquartered in Leverkusen, Germany, Bayer is involved in 20 different business units that research, develop and manufacture products in the life sciences, polymers and specialty chemicals areas. Considered as the â€Å"jewel† at the very center of the Bayer crown, Aspirin is more than just a brand name that Bayer acquired. It is without question the most successful over-the-counter drug in history. In fact, 1999 marked the 100th anniversary of Aspirin, it is still the number two analgesic drug in the world with net sales in 1998 of DM1. 1 billion (US$654. 8 million). Only Tylenol exceeds ASPIRIN in sales, but 95% of Tylenols sales are in the US; in the rest of the world, Bayer is still number one (Buchanan and Merker, 2002). As a brand, its popularity is undeniable around the world. Exhibit 3 shows that the market of Aspirin covers 90 countries. At present, Bayer Aspirin is a family of well-known brands and products, which includes Childrens ASPIRIN ®, ASPIRINProtect ®, ASPIRIN Direct ®, ASPIRIN+C ®, and many others. All are geared for specific uses such as cough and cold, headache and pain, stroke and heart attack prevention. Many have unique delivery systems such as granules, effervescent tablets, and chewable forms. Of the US$654. 8 million in total worldwide net sales of all Aspirin products in 1998, US$37. 5 million (5. 8%) came from the sale of Childrens ASPIRIN ®. In reality, Aspirin as brand propelled Bayer’s success all throughout its history. By promoting Aspirin (not acetylsalicylic acid), Bayer had foreseen that the brand name would be so firmly entrenched in the medical community that when the patent expired, rival manufacturers of ASA would be unable to compete in the American market. True enough that by 1909, Aspirin accounted for 31% of Bayers US sales. Although Bayer continues to hold a trademark on the brand name in many countries of the world, it had once lost that right in several key countries like the United States. Bayer trademark was lost initially in the US at the end of World War I to Sterling Drug, Inc. as the result of the US governments retaliatory practice of confiscating and then auctioning off the property of German companies with holdings in the United States. It wasnt until 1994, 76 years after the expropriation of the trademark Bayer Aspirin, that Bayer Group finally reacquired the brand. According to the Bayer Website, Bayer continues to look for new possibilities for Aspirin, being considered as the miracle or wonder drug. In 1988, Australian epidemiologist Professor G. Kune discovered that people who took Aspirin had a 40% lower incidence of colon cancer than those who did not. Later, a number of studies, including a large-scale study conducted by the American Cancer Society, confirmed that Aspirin is indeed effective in preventing colon cancer. According to one estimate, Aspirin inhibits cell mutation, a theory that paves the way for future research and the promise of new developments. Research is also being conducted into Aspirins effects on Alzheimers Disease and diabetes. Thus, Aspirin’s value for Bayer do not just depend on the brand name itself, but all its hidden potentials that could benefit all sick people because of its low price and time-tested usefulness. 5. ) How is the pharmaceutical market and the market for Aspirin evolving? Is it to the advantage or disadvantage of pharmaceutical companies? Originally prescribed for rheumatic disorders, aspirin has come a long way of just adrug marketed to reduce fever and inflammation quickly. As a drug, aspirin not only has the properties of an analgesic or painkiller, it is also an antipyretic (anti-fever), an anti-inflammatory and an anti-platelet (see Table 1). The first three qualities make it a headache, cold, and flu medication, but it is the fourth quality that makes Aspirin a preventive medication. Interestingly, the anti-platelet effects of aspirin occur at a surprisingly low dosage: 30-50 mg. or so, and Children’s ASPIRIN is one of the lowest dose aspirin products on the market. It also happens to be the cheapest among the ASPIRIN family of products. The significance of these two characteristics gave Children’s ASPIRIN a new market, as doctors around the world started recommending and prescribing Children’s ASPIRIN to their middle-aged patients as a means of prevention.

Developing MNEs Global Strategy

Developing MNEs Global Strategy How can leaders in today’s MNE formulate and implement  effective global strategy? Mengdi LIU Introduction Multinational enterprises (MNE) are organizations that provide or control goods or services inside and outside the home country. For example, â€Å"when a company has operations in more than one country or is registered in more than one country, it may be assigned as MNE†[1]. Usually, a multinational enterprise is a great corporation which produces or sells goods and services in various countries. Usually, companies are faced with different types of very important strategic decision, when they engage in international marketing operation. First of all, leaders need to make decisions in principle to submit the corporate to a certain extent of internationalization. More and more companies will realize that if they have a strong global logic requires, they must purse the global marketing for several competitive reasons. Once committed, the enterprise will have to determine where to go, and whether it is specific countries or geographic regions. Global strategy defined in business terms is the plans designed and developed by a corporation or an organization to target its sales’ growth on a worldwide scale. In other words, it is the long-term strategy of multinational entreprises that aims to obtain development and its long-term survival in today’s changing international business environment. Academic research on global strategy appeared in the age of 1980s, the work of Michael Porter and Christopher Bartlett Sumantra Ghoshal are most significant. The forces that are perceived to bring the globalization of competition were convergences in technological change and economic systems, particularly in information technology. All of these factors have facilitated and demanded the coordination of an international firms strategy worldwide. In this article, firstly, I will briefly introduce the goals of MNEs’ global strategy. Then why is global strategy important. Finally, I will apply the knowledge we learned in class to analyze how to formulate and implement an effective global strategy. The goal of MNEs’ global strategy The trend of world economy’s globalization has encouraged many organizations, especially these MNEs with abundant resources, to rethink the way they are competing in this ongoing expanding market. Products, markets, and interdependent financial work are growing at different paces towards a globalized system. The objective of the global strategy is to take the allocation of corporate resources into consideration in the increasingly complex global environment, to improve competitiveness, to enhance their competitive position and to maximize the overall benefits. Multinational enterprise will arrange its facilities in the most favorable countries, and will coordinate and link their activities in different countries. Global strategies help the MNEs to timely transfer achievements in technology development to management innovations, in order to enhance the companys core competitiveness. Why global strategy is important for MNEs From a company perspective, international expansion can provide potential opportunities for new sales and profits. For example, because of low profitability in the Chinese domestic market, TCL the Chinese consumer electronics company, decided on a strategy of going global. Lately, it implemented new offices abroad, new plants and acquisitions to expand its market position in United States and the European Union the two main consumer electronics markets. In addition to new sales opportunities, there are other reasons for expansion outside the home market. For instance, some companies going global in order to take advantage of low labor costs in some countries, which is called efficiency seeking. While sometimes the acquisition of foreign companies can be used to enhance the company’s market position versus competitors, which is called strategic asset seeking. From a customer perspective, international trade should lead to lower prices for services and goods due to the economies of scale and scope, which can derive from a greater global base. In addition, some customers like to own products and services that represent a global image. For example, ‘Manchester United’ branded soccer shirts or Disney cartoon characters. How MNEs formulate and implement the global strategy First of all, multinational enterprises have to figure out what its role is in international arena, what their core competencies are, whether international talents are available, and where the target market is, so that it could avoid the detours in the process of formulating and implementing the global strategy. Enterprises must have a clear strategy plan, and then combine their own characteristics to international environment to choose the right way. As a beginning point, it’s better to some basic international data to analyze different countries. Before entering a new market, it’s necessary to collect adequate data about this market, and then choose the best path based on strategic priorities and their own ability. New York Fries is a good example. â€Å"New York Fries Company was founded in 1983. And now in 2011, there were more than 190 NYF stores in six countries, with sales in excess of $64 million. Fifteen of the NYF stores were owned by the Company, the rest by franchisees. The biggest advantage of NYF is their product. NYF fries were made from real, not reconstituted, potatoes. They were hand-cut and fried in non-hydrogenated, trans fat-free, sunflower oil.†[2] Obviously, China could be a huge market for an American fast food restaurant, but NYF hesitate to expand into mainland China. So the company’s president, Jay Gould, chose Hong Kong to open their franchisees. At the time of the requests, Gould had never been to Hong Kong; his first visit was to select the new Hong Kong partners and scout locations for the franchise. Within five years, the pace of expansion in Hong Kong and Macau was slower than expected. Gould recognized that opening a location in China would probably take a great deal of time and effort from his head office staff. If NYF expand directly into mainland instead of locating in Hong Kong at first, maybe they would experience the failure as they did in South Korea. The next step is then to discover and identify the company’s resources and advantages for international expansion. For example, the company may have unique brand or some special patents that can be made use of in international expansion. A company could set its international and global objectives after this. Some people may feel surprising of this point of view, while they believe a company should begin by setting out what it really needs to achieve internationally. Why we leave the objective-setting until now? The reason is that our objectives need to be set in the realistic environment of what resources the company has for its international expansion and what opportunities exist in the market place. A simple example: in the year of 2009, the time of US economy recession, the US car market was under heavy pressure, so there would be little point for a car company in setting a target for major expansion. Equally, a small computer services company may not have enough resources for a global product launch. It is better to set its objectives more realistically. How to build an international talents team is a big problem. In a survey conducted by McKinsey, the three-quarters of respondents believe that the talent shortage is the biggest obstacle to its global expansion plans. To respond to this problem, at first, MNEs should make the enterprise localization, and develop a clear strategy to attract international talent with the multiple resources. And leaders should have an awareness of the cross-cultural issue and enhance communication with international talents. Huawei, for instance, has more than 10,000 overseas employees, and is still in a rapid growth. Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd, is a Chinese telecommunications equipment and multinational networking and services company, whose headquarter is located in Shenzhen, Guangdong. Huawei is the largest telecommunications equipment maker all over the world. It has overtaken Ericsson in 2012. Huawei uses a localized business strategy on a global scale. In order to be more closely adapted to the customer’s needs, listening to customer’s needs and respond quickly; Huawei has established 20 regional overseas departments, more than 100 branches. Huawei set up 12 RD centers in the US, India, Sweden, Russia and other places. Each R D centers not only focus on different research direction, but also gathers the advanced technologies, experience and talent to carry out product research. So when Huaweis products enter into the market, its technology is up to date. Huawei also set up 28 overse as regional training centers for local technical personnel. Another example is Trend Micro Inc., a global security software company, was founded in 1988 in Los Angeles. Headquarters were moved to Taipei by its founders, shortly after establishing the company, Now Trend Micro is already the worlds leading anti-virus software company, with 30 branch offices all over the world. It adopts a multi-mode operation headquarters financial centers in Japan, marketing centers in the US, R D camp in Taiwan, global customer service centers in the Philippines and the administrative center in Ireland. It has an excellent international management team. The core management team is made up of only 13 people, from China, Japan, India, the United States, Germany, and Argentina. There exist simultaneously diversity and a strong cohesion in its corporate culture. All branches around the world share the same corporate culture and values. There is another important aspect we shouldn’t ignore innovation and learning. In the era of globalization, enterprise innovation cycles are getting shorter. Essentially, globalization is a new form of competing. The one who consistently stand at the forefront of innovators in this game is the ultimate winner. So in my opinion, MNEs ought to build an environment which is conducive to innovation, knowledge creation and sharing. For example, by changing the design of office space, make the office a place for the staff to exchange information and knowledge, a place where different ideas stir. Meanwhile, let employees and customers become an important source of product ideas. A typical case is 3M Company. The 3M Company is an American multinational conglomerate corporation, being known as the Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company at the first stage. 3M headquarters are in the St. Paul suburb of Maplewood, Minnesota. This company is known for providing innovative environment. It regards the innovation as a way of business growth and the products as its enterprise life. 3M Company develop more than 200 kinds of new products a year. The goal is to obtain 30% of annual sales from the new products which were developed in the past four years. One of the secrets of 3M innovation management is to create an enabling innovative internal environment. For example, â€Å"technical forums provided opportunities to share technology, best practices and procedures; the European Management Action Team (EMATs) Forum regularly brought together relevant personnel from the United States and European subsidiaries to share information and make decisions. Lecture and proble m-solving discussions were also held during the forum. These meetings enabled subsidiaries to present their thoughts and facilitated cooperation and accelerated pace in markets in which there were significant growth opportunities.†[3] The company allows all employees put up to 15% of the time on their professional interest, and failures are accepted. Its slogan is: you only kissed a lot of frogs before they can find a prince. In the era of globalization, cooperating with competitors is an important strategy of multinational companies. A delicate relationship that competitions and cooperation are often maintained between enterprises. Business leaders need to think about not only competition and profitability, but also how to embrace a more open business environment. For example, the consumer product giant PG has launched a program called Connect Developed, spending nearly $ 2 billion to look for its scientists, so that the company can get new technologies from outside suppliers. If RD can be solved through collaboration and outsourcing, what areas cannot? Another example, Japanese multinational enterprise Sony formed several strategic alliances with smaller firms who have complementary competences, which would help it to penetrate new markets. So leaders should increase the openness of the enterprise, in order to attract more dynamic ideas and human resource outside the enterprise. Using strategic cooperative manner to deal with the non-core business allows enterprises to quickly grasp the opportunities during the process of globalization. Haier Group is a Chinese multinational home appliances and consumer electronics company, whose headquarter is located in Qingdao, China. It designs, develops, produces and sells home appliance, such as air conditioners, mobile phones, refrigerators, computers, washing machines, and televisions. In 2002, Haier cooperated with the largest appliance manufacturer in Taiwan Taiwans Sampo Group. Their cooperation covers selling each other’s home appliances, and expanding parts procurement and technology sharing. Alliance with Sampo paves the way for Haier to enter the Taiwan market. This strategy, based on trust between partners, requires leaders of MNEs to focus on the long-term benefits, rather than short-term gains. Conclusion In this paper, we discuss how can leaders in today’s MNE formulate and implement effective global strategy. Before entering a new market, it’s necessary to collect adequate data about this market, so that leaders can choose the best path for their companies. The next step is to identify the company’s resources and advantages for international expansion. During this process, an essential element is the use of talents. In addition, both innovation and cooperation are often used by leaders in today’s MNEs. Today’s MNEs use a great diversity of global strategies. In order to acquire the competitive position on today’s global market over a long term, companies have to continually adapt to market conditions, to identify the resources and advantages, and then thus use them efficiently. Therefore they have to come up with the best strategy and redirect it depending on the economic backdrop at the time. A successful strategy is based on the way it makes a difference, on the added value it brings, on the attractiveness of the industry and on the market maturity stage, so that it helps the enterprise achieve a competitive and profitable position. Reference [1] Chya-Yi Liaw, 3M Taiwan: product innovation in the subsidiary. (2012) [2] Ruth Mortimer, â€Å"Customer Innovation: Inspirational Customers,† Brand Strategy, London, July 12, 2005, p.24. [3] Palich, L. E., Gomez-Mejia, L. R. (1999). A theory of global strategy and firm efficiencies: Considering the effects of cultural diversity. Journal of management, 25(4), 587-606. [4] Sharda Prashad, Developing an international growth strategy at New York Fries. (2011 ) [5] Corina Dumitrescu, Francesco Scalera. Strategies of Multinational Enterprises. International Journal of Business and Commerce, Mar 2012(12-26) [6] Sassen, S. (1998). Globalization and its discontents. New York: New Press. [7] How do you build a global strategy? http://www.global-strategy.net/how-do-you-build-a-global-strategy/ [8] Wikipedia 3M http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M [9] History of the Cellular (Cell/Mobile) Phone Companies Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd. http://www.historyofthecellphone.com/companies/huawei-technologies.php [10] Wikipedia Trend Micro http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trend_Micro_Incorporated [12] Wikipedia Haier http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haier [13] Wikipedia Multination Corporation http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multinational_corporation [14] Wikipedia Global Strategy http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_strategy [15] What is global strategy? And why is it important? http://www.global-strategy.net/what-is-global-strategy/ [16] Beck, U. (2000). What is globalization?. [17] à ¤Ã‚ ¸Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃƒ ¦Ã‚ Ã‚ ¾Ãƒ ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã…’à ¦Ã‚ µÃ¢â‚¬ ¦Ãƒ ¦Ã… ¾Ã‚ Ãƒ ¦Ã‚ µÃ‚ ·Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ °Ã¢â‚¬ Ãƒ ©Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬  Ãƒ ¥Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ‚ ¢Ãƒ ¥Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ‚ ½Ãƒ ©Ã¢â€ž ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ãƒ ¥Ã…’-à ¦Ã‹â€ Ã‹Å"à §Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã‚ ¥Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ Ã…  Ãƒ ¥Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã‚ ¶Ãƒ ¦Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ±Ãƒ ¥Ã…’-. à ¥Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ °Ãƒ ¦Ã… ¾-à §Ã…“ Ãƒ §Ã‚ »Ã‚ Ãƒ ¦Ã‚ µÃ… ½Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ ¹Ã‚ ²Ãƒ ©Ã†â€™Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ §Ã‚ ®Ã‚ ¡Ãƒ §Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ©Ã¢â€ž ¢Ã‚ ¢Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¦Ã…  Ã‚ ¥. April,2002, p.66-68 [18] à ©Ã‚ ¡Ã‚ ¹Ãƒ ¥Ã¢â‚¬  Ã‚ °Ãƒ ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã…’à ¥Ã‚ Ã… ½Ãƒ ¤Ã‚ ¸Ã‚ ºÃƒ §Ã… ¡Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒ ¥Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ §Ã‚ Ã†â€™Ãƒ ¥Ã…’-à ¦Ã‹â€ Ã‹Å"à §Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã‚ ¥. à ©Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã‚ ¿Ãƒ ¦Ã‚ ±Ã… ¸Online. http://cn.ckgsb.com/Article/Detail.aspx?ColumnId=404ArticleId=5853 1 [1] From Wikipedia Multinational Corporation http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multinational_corporation [2] Sharda Prashad, Developing an international growth strategy at New York Fries. (2011 ) [3] Chya-Yi Liaw, 3M Taiwan: product innovation in the subsidiary. (2012)

School Bullying: Methods to Prevent This Ongoing Cycle :: Social Issues, School Authorities

School bullying occurs in every realm of society. Students suffer harmful effects when they are emotionally and physically abused. Society must take active measures to end this ongoing injustice of students and help school yard bullies in understanding the effects of their actions. One in every ten students is bullied at some point in their education process (Will 1). The FBI National Center for Analysis of Violent Crime observed that the victimization of students occurs more often in public schools (Will 2). The victims of bullying suffer from emotional distress, and they often have difficulties making friends (J Love 346). The distressed victims will have problems in the workforce and their future family if bullying stays strong in schools. School bullies may demonstrate their ‘power’ in several ways. School bullies may mock peers, spread vicious rumors, play cruel pranks, or use physical force to ensure to their target that they are in charge (J Love 346). F urthermore, cyber-bullying is a growing trend in this technologically advanced society (J Love 346). Children often have unsupervised access to sites such as facebook and twitter. These sites make it effortless for school bullies to discriminate other peers. Solutions to help end school bullying must be thought out carefully by all school authority figures. One approach many schools have attempted is called a systematic approach. This approach involves strict enforcements specific to school bullying (Will 3). School authority figures are responsible for enforcing the rules in this system. In doing this the school bully is directly singled out as responsible for the violence in the classroom. Although this approach is well-meant it does not resolve the root of the problem. The authority figures cannot possibly comprehend why a school bully bullies (Will 3). School authorities taking interventive measures is another idea in helping prevent school bullying. Schools may start placing cameras on busses to catch acts of aggression from school bullies. Moreover, school officials may perform locker searches for any evidence of bullying, and they may hire security guards (Will 3). These measures often violate children’s sense of privacy. Although this measure is also well intended, it can have unanticipated results. Many children feel an urge to rebel when they feel their privacy is invaded, therefore; this method may cause more harm than good. School Bullying: Methods to Prevent This Ongoing Cycle :: Social Issues, School Authorities School bullying occurs in every realm of society. Students suffer harmful effects when they are emotionally and physically abused. Society must take active measures to end this ongoing injustice of students and help school yard bullies in understanding the effects of their actions. One in every ten students is bullied at some point in their education process (Will 1). The FBI National Center for Analysis of Violent Crime observed that the victimization of students occurs more often in public schools (Will 2). The victims of bullying suffer from emotional distress, and they often have difficulties making friends (J Love 346). The distressed victims will have problems in the workforce and their future family if bullying stays strong in schools. School bullies may demonstrate their ‘power’ in several ways. School bullies may mock peers, spread vicious rumors, play cruel pranks, or use physical force to ensure to their target that they are in charge (J Love 346). F urthermore, cyber-bullying is a growing trend in this technologically advanced society (J Love 346). Children often have unsupervised access to sites such as facebook and twitter. These sites make it effortless for school bullies to discriminate other peers. Solutions to help end school bullying must be thought out carefully by all school authority figures. One approach many schools have attempted is called a systematic approach. This approach involves strict enforcements specific to school bullying (Will 3). School authority figures are responsible for enforcing the rules in this system. In doing this the school bully is directly singled out as responsible for the violence in the classroom. Although this approach is well-meant it does not resolve the root of the problem. The authority figures cannot possibly comprehend why a school bully bullies (Will 3). School authorities taking interventive measures is another idea in helping prevent school bullying. Schools may start placing cameras on busses to catch acts of aggression from school bullies. Moreover, school officials may perform locker searches for any evidence of bullying, and they may hire security guards (Will 3). These measures often violate children’s sense of privacy. Although this measure is also well intended, it can have unanticipated results. Many children feel an urge to rebel when they feel their privacy is invaded, therefore; this method may cause more harm than good.

The Ministers Black Veil Essays -- Literature, Hawthorne

In Nathaniel Hawthorne's "The Minister's Black Veil," Mr. Hooper, a Reverend in the town of Milford, surprises his parishioners by donning a conspicuous black veil one Sunday. The town is visibly spooked, yet still curious, about his eerie appearance and profoundly affected by his sermon on secret sin. "A subtle power was breathed into his words. Each member of the congregation, the most innocent girl, and the man of hardened breast, felt as if the preacher had crept upon them, behind his awful veil, and discovered their hoarded iniquity of deed or thought" (2432). The parishioner's expect that Hooper will only don the veil for one day and then remove it, having used the visage to make his point on secret sin, but they are taken aback to find that he does not remove the veil after that sunday, but in fact, ultimately wears it until his death. The town begins to gossip about why the Parson wears the crepe, questioning his purity and straying away from his person. When the Parson's i ntended, Elizabeth, asks him to do away with his foolishness and remove the veil, he sadly refuses, and Elizabeth reluctantly leaves him. The story concludes as the Parson dies, isolated by his choice to wear the veil with only the dying and the dead taking comfort in his presence, proclaiming that on each face he sees a black veil. In "The Minister's Black Veil," Nathaniel Hawthorne seeks to showcase the flaws of a society in which its members wear and create false facades by illustrating how it separates and alienates the individual from society, peers, reality, and spirituality. In The Minister's Black Veil, Parson Hooper uses his black veil as a way to represent an individual verses their hidden sin. He sees each member of his community as havi... ...o despise the veil are warranted in their dislike, because it is unnatural, shocking, and sudden. For them to react any other way would be odd. All but Elizabeth fail to ask him to remove the veil as well as the deeper meaning behind it. Sow could they expect him to yield to demands they themselves never voiced? Perhaps if the veil bothered his parishioners so greatly, they would have become more proactive in revealing their secret sins and thus relieved the Parson of his burden. Neither side is per say 'right', but it is important to note that the Parson acted out of desire to help the parishioners while the parishioners didn't truly act at all. Works Cited Lauter, Paul, Richard Yarborough, and John Alberti. "The Minister's Black Veil." The Heath Anthology of American Literature. Vol. B. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Pub., 2009. 2431-439. Print.

Plea Bargaining

Plea bargaining is defined as the process of negotiating an agreement among the defendant, the prosecutor, and the court as to an appropriate plea and associated sentence in a given case. The advantage for the defense is that less work is required on their part and they typically receive the same amount of money in return. An advantage for the prosecutor is they get a conviction and can alter the sentence any way they see fit as well as maintain an acceptable conviction rate. The court system heavily relied on the use of pleas to keep the system moving. In cases involving a plea the judge is able to dispose of a case quickly and move on to the next. In terms of jails and prisons plea-bargaining can also reduce the amount of inmate entering the facilities as jail time may have been suspended as a condition of a plea bargain. For a guilty defendant, the advantages to a plea bargain are clear; either reduced charges or a reduced sentence. Sometimes a plea deal can reduce a felony charge to a misdemeanor, but thats only a advantage to the defendant. Many plea deals have resulted in a reduction of sentence for the defendant. One gain in the plea bargain system is the fact that the judge in the case does not have to accept it. The prosecution can only recommend the agreement to the judge, but he cannot guarantee that the judge will follow it. As far as the victim goes, plea bargaining can give them closure to go on with their life and receive the justice they seek. Some states have victims' rights law that require a prosecutor to discuss the terms of any plea deal with the victim of the crime before making the offer to the defendant. In my opinion, plea bargaining is acceptable because it saves the system a great amount of time, money and resources only if it was entered with full knowledge and willingness. Even though the defendant in the end may not get a sentence agreed upon by others, they still have to serve time for their acts of crime. Plea bargaining is simply accepted because it’s a quick alternative.